Which one of the following genetic diseases is sex-linked?
A
Royal haemophilia
B
Tay Sachs disease
C
Cystic fibrosis
D
Hypertension
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
1. The question asks to identify the sex-linked genetic disease among the options.
2. Sex-linked diseases are genetic disorders caused by mutations in genes located on the sex chromosomes (X or Y). Most are X-linked.
3. Royal haemophilia (Haemophilia A or B) is a classic example of an X-linked recessive disorder, affecting blood clotting. It is called 'Royal' because it affected several European royal families.
4. Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder.
5. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder.
6. Hypertension (high blood pressure) can have genetic components, but it is a complex, multifactorial condition, not a simple sex-linked genetic disease.
7. Therefore, Royal haemophilia is the sex-linked disease.