Human & Economic Geography Notes for UPSC

Resources, agriculture, industries, settlement and economic geography.

Agricultural Development: Enhancing Productivity with Land, Finance, Seeds, WaterAgriculture is a primary economic activity that includes growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock among others.
Human Development: Insights, Inequalities, and Global Perspectives on Well-being EnhancementMeaning of both growth and development changes over a period of time. The difference is that growth is quantitative, whereas development is a qualitative concept.
Human Settlement: Types, Patterns, and Challenges in Rural and Urban AreasIt is a new trend of people moving away from congested urban areas to cleaner areas outside the city in search of a better quality of living. Important suburbs develop around major cities and everyday thousands of people commute from their homes in the suburbs to their workplaces in the city.
India and Migration: Dynamics, Challenges, and Government InitiativesAs per International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) latest report, ‘Global Migration Report 2020’, India continues to be the largest country of origin of international migrants with a 17. 5 million-strong diaspora across the world.
Land Resources: Management, Mapping & Nurturing India’s Vital AssetsLand-use in a region, to a large extent, is influenced by the nature of economic activities carried out in that region. However, while economic activities change over time, land, like many other natural resources, is fixed in terms of its area.
Livestock And Fisheries: Challenges, Initiatives, and OpportunitiesIndia also needs to ensure that it meets sanitary and phytosanitary standards – as laid down by Codex Alimentarius Commission which is formed by FAO and WHO – which are currently a hindrance to export.
Manufacturing Industries In India: Classifications, Location & Economic Significance2. Mineral based Manufacturing Industries: Raw material sources from mining, E.
Minerals and Energy Resources of India: Distribution, Government Measures & ChallengeA mineral is a natural substance of organic or inorganic origin with definite chemical and physical properties.
Population in India: Demographic Trends, Growth Rates, and Socioeconomic ImpactsIndia’s national population policies have failed to achieve their objectives as we remain the world’s second largest populated country. The population of India in 1951 was 35 crore, but by 2011, it had increased to 121 crore.
Water Resources: Challenges, Management, & Traditional Conservation in IndiaIt is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Water Resources and is the National Apex Agency entrusted with the responsibilities of providing scientific inputs for management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of groundwater resources of the country.

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