With reference to the Indian history of art and culture, consider the following pairs :
Famous work of sculpture - Site
1. A grand image of Buddha's Mahaparinirvana with numerous celestial musicians above and the sorrowful figures of his followers below - Ajanta
2. A huge image of Varaha Avatar (boar incarnation) of Vishnu, as he rescues Goddess Earth from the deep and chaotic waters, sculpted on rock - Mount Abu
3. "Arjuna's Penance"/ "Descent of Ganga" sculpted on the surface of huge boulders - Mamallapuram
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Correct Answer: Option C
Explanation
1. Pair 1 is correctly matched. Cave No. 26 at Ajanta contains a large, reclining sculpture depicting the Mahaparinirvana (death) of the Buddha. This grand image often includes representations of celestial musicians celebrating and mourning followers below, fitting the description.
2. Pair 2 is incorrectly matched. The iconic huge image of the Varaha Avatar of Vishnu rescuing Goddess Earth (Bhudevi) sculpted on rock is famously found at Udayagiri Caves near Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, dating to the Gupta period. While Mount Abu (Rajasthan) has significant Jain temples (Dilwara temples) with intricate carvings, it is not the site for this specific Gupta-era Varaha sculpture.
3. Pair 3 is correctly matched. Mamallapuram (Mahabalipuram) in Tamil Nadu features a massive open-air rock relief variously identified as "Arjuna's Penance" or "Descent of Ganga" (Gangavatarana). This intricate sculpture covers the surface of huge boulders and depicts numerous figures of gods, humans, and animals.
Therefore, pairs 1 and 3 are correctly matched.
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