GS PrelimsScience and TechnologyUniverse and Space Technology2018

Consider the following phenomena : 1. Light is affected by gravity. 2. The Universe is constantly expanding. 3. Matter warps its surrounding space-time. Which of the above is/are the prediction/predictions of Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, often discussed in media ?

A

1 and 2 only

B

3 only

C

1 and 3 only

D

1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation

1. Statement 1 is a prediction of General Theory of Relativity. The theory posits that massive objects warp space-time, and light, following the shortest path (geodesic) through this curved space-time, appears to be bent by gravity. This phenomenon is known as gravitational lensing. 2. Statement 2 is consistent with solutions to Einstein's field equations in General Theory of Relativity. Although Einstein initially preferred a static Universe, his equations allowed for an expanding model, which was later confirmed by astronomical observations (Hubble's Law), showing the Universe is constantly expanding. 3. Statement 3 is the core concept of General Theory of Relativity. It states that matter and energy warp the geometry of space-time around them, and this curvature dictates how objects (including light) move through space-time, which we perceive as gravity. 4. All three phenomena are indeed predictions or consequences of Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.

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