With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following statements is correct?
A
Hakim Ajmal Khan was one of the leaders to start a nations list and militant Ahrar movement
B
When the Indian National Congress was formed, Sayyid Ahmad Khan opposed it
C
The All-India Muslim League which was formed in 1906 vehemently opposed the partition of Bengal and separate electorates
D
Maulana Barkaullah and Maulana Obeidullah Sindhi were among those who formed a Provisional Government of India in Kabul
Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
1. Statement A is incorrect. The Ahrar movement, which emerged in the early 20th century, represented a strand of nationalist Muslim opinion, often critical of the All-India Muslim League's loyalist stance. While nationalist and sometimes militant in tone, Hakim Ajmal Khan, though a prominent nationalist leader involved in Khilafat and Congress movements, is not primarily known as a founder or key leader of the Ahrar movement itself. Leaders more associated with Ahrar include Maulana Zafar Ali Khan, Mazhar Ali Azhar etc.
2. Statement B is correct. Sir Sayyid Ahmad Khan, a major Muslim reformer and educationist, initially advocated Hindu-Muslim unity but later adopted a position of loyalty to the British and advised Muslims to focus on education and stay away from political agitation. He viewed the Indian National Congress, formed in 1885, with suspicion and actively opposed it, urging Muslims not to join.
3. Statement C is incorrect. The All-India Muslim League, formed in 1906, supported the partition of Bengal (seeing it as beneficial to Muslims in East Bengal) and strongly advocated for separate electorates for Muslims, which were granted in the Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909. It did not oppose these.
4. Statement D is correct. During World War I, some Indian revolutionaries sought external support against the British. Maulana Barkatullah and Maulana Obeidullah Sindhi were key figures among those who established a Provisional Government of India in exile in Kabul, Afghanistan, in 1915, with Raja Mahendra Pratap as President.
5. Reconsidering the answer 'c': There seems to be a significant error in the provided answer key 'c'. Statement C is historically incorrect. Statements B and D are historically correct. Statement A is likely incorrect regarding Hakim Ajmal Khan's role in Ahrar. If the answer must be C, it implies a misunderstanding or misstatement of historical facts within the question or answer key. *Analysis highlights the factual inaccuracies related to the provided answer 'c' and identifies B and D as correct statements based on historical records.*