GS PrelimsInternational relationsInternational Organizations1995

Which of the following constitute the World Bank? 1. I. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 2. II. International Finance Corporation 3. III. International Development Association 4. IV. International Monetary Fund. Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

A

I, II and III

B

I and II

C

III and IV

D

I, II, III and IV

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation

1. The World Bank Group is a family of five international organizations that make leveraged loans to developing countries. 2. The term 'World Bank' typically refers to two main institutions within the group: - I. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD): Provides loans and assistance to middle-income and creditworthy low-income countries. - III. The International Development Association (IDA): Provides interest-free loans (credits) and grants to the world's poorest countries. 3. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) (II) is also part of the World Bank Group, focusing on private sector development. 4. While IBRD and IDA are often considered the core 'World Bank', the question asks what constitutes the World Bank, and IFC is undeniably part of the group. MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency) and ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes) are the other two members, not listed here. 5. IV. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a separate international organization, established alongside the IBRD at the Bretton Woods Conference, but it is distinct from the World Bank Group. The IMF focuses on global monetary cooperation, financial stability, and balance of payments issues. 6. Therefore, I, II, and III constitute parts of the World Bank Group, while IV does not.

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