Explanation
1. The question asks which parts of the Constitution of India, besides Fundamental Rights, reflect the principles and provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 1948.
2. Statement 1 (Preamble): The Preamble declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic and secures ideals like Justice (social, economic, political), Liberty (of thought, expression, belief, faith, worship), Equality (of status and opportunity), and Fraternity. These ideals closely align with the spirit and many articles of the UDHR, which emphasizes dignity, equality, liberty, and solidarity. (Reflects UDHR)
3. Statement 2 (Directive Principles of State Policy - DPSP): The DPSPs (Part IV) contain numerous socio-economic rights and principles, such as the right to work, right to education, equal pay for equal work, social security, humane conditions of work, and protection of the environment. Many of these correspond directly or indirectly to the economic, social, and cultural rights listed in the UDHR (e.g., Articles 22-27). (Reflects UDHR)
4. Statement 3 (Fundamental Duties - FD): The Fundamental Duties (Part IVA) include duties like promoting harmony, protecting the environment, developing scientific temper, and striving towards excellence. While the UDHR primarily focuses on rights, Article 29(1) mentions that everyone has duties to the community. Some FDs, like promoting harmony and respecting the dignity of women, resonate with the broader principles of human dignity and community responsibility inherent in the UDHR. (Reflects UDHR)
5. Therefore, the Preamble, DPSP, and Fundamental Duties all, in various ways, reflect the principles and provisions of the UDHR.