GS PrelimsAgricultureMajor Crops of India2014

In India, cluster bean (Guar) is traditionally used as a vegetable or animal feed, but recently the cultivation of this has assumed significance. Which one of the following statements is correct in this context?

A

The oil extracted from seeds is used in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics

B

The gum made from its seeds is used in the extraction of shale gas

C

The leaf extract of this plant has the properties of anti- histamines

D

It is a source of high quality biodiesel

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation

1. Cluster bean (Guar) has been traditionally used in India as a vegetable for human consumption and as animal feed. 2. The cultivation of Guar has assumed major economic significance recently primarily due to the demand for Guar gum, which is derived from its seeds. 3. Option (A) is incorrect. While research exists on using plant oils for bioplastics, the primary significance of Guar is related to its gum, not oil for biodegradable plastics. 4. Option (B) is correct. Guar gum is extensively used in the oil and gas industry, particularly in the process of hydraulic fracturing ('fracking') for the extraction of shale gas. It acts as a thickening agent (viscosifier) in the fracturing fluid. 5. Option (C) is incorrect. There is no widely recognized evidence that the leaf extract of Guar has significant anti-histamine properties driving its recent economic importance. 6. Option (D) is incorrect. Guar is not considered a primary source for high quality biodiesel compared to other oilseed crops.

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