GS PrelimsScience and TechnologyHuman Health and Diseases2021

Consider the following statements : 1. Adenoviruses have single-stranded DNA genomes whereas retroviruses have double-stranded DNA genomes. 2. Common cold is sometime caused by an adenovirus whereas AIDS is caused by a retrovirus. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A

1 only

B

2 only

C

Both 1 and 2

D

Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation

1. Statement 1 is incorrect. Adenoviruses typically possess double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. Retroviruses, like HIV, possess single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genomes, which they convert into dsDNA using reverse transcriptase after entering a host cell. 2. Statement 2 is correct. The common cold is a syndrome caused by various viruses, and adenoviruses are one of the known causative agents. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is classified as a retrovirus. Therefore, only statement 2 is correct.

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