1. Assertion (A): “DNA Finger- printing" has become a powerful tool to establish paternity and identity of criminals in rape and assault cases.
2. Reason (R): Trace evidences such as hairs, saliva and dried semen are adequate for DNA analysis.
A
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B
Both A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
C
A is true, but R is false
D
A is false, but R is true
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
1. Assertion (A) is true. DNA Fingerprinting analyzes unique DNA patterns and is a crucial forensic tool used to establish paternity and identify criminals by matching biological evidence from crime scenes (like rape and assault cases) to suspects.
2. Reason (R) is true. Modern DNA analysis techniques, like PCR, allow for analysis from minute biological samples, known as trace evidences. Sufficient DNA for profiling can often be obtained from shed hairs (with roots), saliva traces, blood stains, or dried semen.
3. The ability to perform DNA analysis on trace evidence (R) is fundamental to the successful application of DNA fingerprinting in forensic investigations (A). Therefore, R is the correct explanation of A.